What does the term “attenuation” refer to in fiber optics?

Attenuation in fiber optics specifically refers to the gradual loss of signal strength as light travels through the fiber. This concept is crucial in understanding how effectively a fiber optic cable can transmit data over distances. Signal loss can occur due to several factors including scattering, absorption, and bending of the fiber. The lower the attenuation, the better the fiber can maintain the quality of the transmitted signals, allowing for longer distances and clearer communication.

In practical terms, attenuation is measured in decibels per kilometer (dB/km), providing a quantifiable metric to assess the performance and quality of fiber optic links. Thus, option B captures the essence of what attenuation means in the context of fiber optics, emphasizing its impact on the integrity and reliability of signal transmission.