Transmitting pulses of light into a glass or plastic fiber, where they reflect off the inner walls of the fiber core until they are received at the opposite end of the cable is _____.

The correct answer highlights the fundamental principle of fiber optic technology, which is based on the way light behaves within the medium of the fiber. In a fiber optic system, light pulses are introduced into the fiber, where they are guided along the length of the fiber by a process known as total internal reflection. This principle ensures that the light remains within the core of the fiber, reflecting off the inner walls and effectively transmitting the light signals over long distances with minimal loss.

The functioning of this system is crucial for applications in telecommunications, networking, and data transfer, as it utilizes the properties of light to carry information. The propagation of light through the fiber enables high bandwidth communication and faster data transmission speeds compared to traditional copper wires.

Understanding this basic theory is essential, as it provides the foundation for more complex concepts related to fiber optics, including signal modulation, system design, and the impact of various materials used in cable construction. This knowledge is vital for anyone studying or working in the field of fiber optics, making it clear why this option accurately captures the essence of how fiber optic systems operate.